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Compare Luxembourg (2001) - Burkina Faso (2001)

Compare Luxembourg (2001) z Burkina Faso (2001)

 Luxembourg (2001)Burkina Faso (2001)
 LuxembourgBurkina Faso
Administrative divisions 3 districts; Diekirch, Grevenmacher, Luxembourg 30 provinces; Bam, Bazega, Bougouriba, Boulgou, Boulkiemde, Ganzourgou, Gnagna, Gourma, Houe, Kadiogo, Kenedougou, Komoe, Kossi, Kouritenga, Mouhoun, Namentenga, Naouri, Oubritenga, Oudalan, Passore, Poni, Sanguie, Sanmatenga, Seno, Sissili, Soum, Sourou, Tapoa, Yatenga, Zoundweogo

note:
a new electoral code was approved by the National Assembly in January 1997; the number of administrative provinces was increased from 30 to 45 (Bale, Bam, Banwa, Bazega, Bougouriba, Boulgou, Boulkiemde, Comoe, Ganzourgou, Gnagna, Gourma, Houet, Ioba, Kadiogo, Kenedougou, Komandjari, Kompienga, Kossi, Koupelogo, Kouritenga, Kourweogo, Leraba, Loroum, Mouhoun, Nahouri, Namentenga, Nayala, Naumbiel, Oubritenga, Oudalan, Passore, Poni, Samentenga, Sanguie, Seno, Sissili, Soum, Sourou, Tapoa, Tuy, Yagha, Yatenga, Ziro, Zondomo, Zoundweogo), however, this change has not yet been confirmed by the US Board on Geographic Names
Age structure 0-14 years:
18.91% (male 43,051; female 40,711)

15-64 years:
67.03% (male 149,781; female 147,165)

65 years and over:
14.06% (male 24,921; female 37,343) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
47.5% (male 2,937,285; female 2,892,107)

15-64 years:
49.59% (male 2,903,153; female 3,183,121)

65 years and over:
2.91% (male 150,688; female 205,935) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products barley, oats, potatoes, wheat, fruits, wine grapes; livestock products peanuts, shea nuts, sesame, cotton, sorghum, millet, corn, rice; livestock
Airports 2 (2000 est.) 33 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

over 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total:
2

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total:
31

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
12

under 914 m:
16 (2000 est.)
Area total:
2,586 sq km

land:
2,586 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total:
274,200 sq km

land:
273,800 sq km

water:
400 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Rhode Island slightly larger than Colorado
Background Founded in 963, Luxembourg became a grand duchy in 1815 and an independent state under the Netherlands. It lost more than half of its territory to Belgium in 1839, but gained a larger measure of autonomy. Full independence was attained in 1867. Overrun by Germany in both World Wars, it ended its neutrality in 1948 when it entered into the Benelux Customs Union and when it joined NATO the following year. In 1957, Luxembourg became one of the six founding countries of the European Economic Community (later the European Union) and in 1999 it joined the euro currency area. Independence from France came to Burkina Faso (formerly Upper Volta) in 1960. Governmental instability during the 1970s and 1980s was followed by multiparty elections in the early 1990s. Several hundred thousand farm workers migrate south every year to Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana.
Birth rate 12.25 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 44.79 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$5.6 billion

expenditures:
$5.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
revenues:
$277 million

expenditures:
$492 million, including capital expenditures of $233 million (1995 est.)
Capital Luxembourg Ouagadougou
Climate modified continental with mild winters, cool summers tropical; warm, dry winters; hot, wet summers
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 17 October 1868, occasional revisions 2 June 1991 approved by referendum; 11 June 1991 formally adopted
Country name conventional long form:
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

conventional short form:
Luxembourg

local long form:
Grand Duche de Luxembourg

local short form:
Luxembourg
conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Burkina Faso

former:
Upper Volta, Republic of Upper Volta
Currency Luxembourg franc (LUF); euro (EUR)

note:
on 1 January 1999, the EU introduced the euro as a common currency that is now being used by financial institutions in Luxembourg at a fixed rate of 40.3399 Luxembourg francs per euro and will replace the local currency for all transactions in 2002
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Death rate 8.88 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 17.05 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $NA $1.3 billion (1997)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador James C. HORMEL

embassy:
22 Boulevard Emmanuel-Servais, L-2535 Luxembourg City

mailing address:
American Embassy Luxembourg, Unit 1410, APO AE 09126-1410 (official mail); American Embassy Luxembourg, PSC 9, Box 9500, APO AE 09123 (personal mail)

telephone:
[352] 46 01 23

FAX:
[352] 46 14 01
chief of mission:
Ambassador Jimmy J. KOLKER

embassy:
602 Avenue Raoul Follerau, Koulouba, Secteur 4, Ouagadougou

mailing address:
B. P. 35, Ouagadougou 01

telephone:
[226] 306723

FAX:
[226] 303890
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Arlette CONZEMIUS

chancery:
2200 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 265-4171

FAX:
[1] (202) 328-8270

consulate(s) general:
New York and San Francisco
chief of mission:
Ambassador Bruno ZIDOUEMBA

chancery:
2340 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 332-5577

FAX:
[1] (202) 667-1882
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - donor ODA, $160 million (1999) -
Economic aid - recipient - $484.1 million (1995)
Economy - overview The stable, high-income economy features solid growth, low inflation, and low unemployment. The industrial sector, initially dominated by steel, has become increasingly diversified to include chemicals, rubber, and other products. Growth in the financial sector has more than compensated for the decline in steel. Services, especially banking, account for a substantial proportion of the economy. Agriculture is based on small family-owned farms. The economy depends on foreign and trans-border workers for 30% of its labor force. Luxembourg has a custom union with Belgium and the Netherlands, and, as a member of the EU, enjoys the advantages of the open European market. It joined with 10 other EU members to launch the euro on 1 January 1999. One of the poorest countries in the world, landlocked Burkina Faso has a high population density, few natural resources, and a fragile soil. About 90% of the population is engaged in (mainly subsistence) agriculture which is highly vulnerable to variations in rainfall. Industry remains dominated by unprofitable government-controlled corporations. Following the African franc currency devaluation in January 1994 the government updated its development program in conjunction with international agencies, and exports and economic growth have increased. Maintenance of its macroeconomic progress in 2001-02 depends on continued low inflation, reduction in the trade deficit, and reforms designed to encourage private investment.
Electricity - consumption 6.149 billion kWh (1999) 265.1 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 655 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 6.201 billion kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 648 million kWh (1999) 285 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
36.88%

hydro:
53.09%

nuclear:
0%

other:
10.03% (1999)
fossil fuel:
71.93%

hydro:
28.07%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Moselle River 133 m

highest point:
Buurgplaatz 559 m
lowest point:
Mouhoun (Black Volta) River 200 m

highest point:
Tena Kourou 749 m
Environment - current issues air and water pollution in urban areas, soil pollution of farmland recent droughts and desertification severely affecting agricultural activities, population distribution, and the economy; overgrazing; soil degradation; deforestation
Environment - international agreements party to:
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Environmental Modification
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups Celtic base (with French and German blend), Portuguese, Italian, Slavs (from Montenegro, Albania, and Kososvo) and European (guest and resident workers) Mossi over 40%, Gurunsi, Senufo, Lobi, Bobo, Mande, Fulani
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); Luxembourg francs per US dollar - 34.77 (January 1999), 36.299 (1998), 35.774 (1997), 30.962 (1996); note - the Luxembourg franc is at par with the Belgian franc, which circulates freely in Luxembourg Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 699.21 (January 2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997), 511.55 (1996); note - from 1 January 1999, the XOF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XOF per euro
Executive branch chief of state:
Grand Duke HENRI (since 7 October 2000); Heir Apparent Prince GUILLAUME (son of the monarch, born 11 November 1981);

head of government:
Prime Minister Jean-Claude JUNCKER (since 1 January 1995) and Vice Prime Minister Lydie POLFER (since 7 August 1999)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister and vice prime minister appointed by the monarch, following popular election to the Chamber of Deputies; they are responsible to the Chamber of Deputies

note:
government coalition - CSV and DP
chief of state:
President Blaise COMPAORE (since 15 October 1987)

head of government:
Prime Minister Ernest Paramanga YONLI (since 6 November 2000)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; the president may serve unlimited terms; election last held 15 November 1998 (next to be held NA 2005); prime minister appointed by the president with the consent of the legislature

election results:
Blaise COMPAORE reelected president with 87.5% percent of the vote, 56% of voter turnout

note:
President COMPAORE faces an increasingly well-coordinated opposition; recent charges against a former member of his Presidential Guard in the 1998 assassination of a newspaper editor signify an attempt to defuse chronic areas of dissatisfaction
Exports $7.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000) $220 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities machinery and equipment, steel products, chemicals, rubber products, glass cotton, animal products, gold
Exports - partners EU 75% (Germany 25%, France 21%, Belgium 13%, UK 8%, Italy 6%, Netherlands 5%), US 4% (1999) Italy 13%, France 10%, Indonesia 8%, Thailand 7% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and light blue; similar to the flag of the Netherlands, which uses a darker blue and is shorter; design was based on the flag of France two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a yellow five-pointed star in the center; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
GDP purchasing power parity - $15.9 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $12 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
1%

industry:
30%

services:
69% (2000 est.)
agriculture:
26%

industry:
27%

services:
47% (1998)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $36,400 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $1,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 5.7% (2000 est.) 5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 49 45 N, 6 10 E 13 00 N, 2 00 W
Geography - note landlocked landlocked
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
5,166 km

paved:
5,166 km (including 118 km of expressways)

unpaved:
0 km (1999)
total:
12,506 km

paved:
2,001 km

unpaved:
10,505 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%:
2.2%

highest 10%:
39.5% (1994)
Imports $10 billion (c.i.f., 2000) $610 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities minerals, metals, foodstuffs, quality consumer goods machinery, food products, petroleum
Imports - partners EU 81% (Belgium 35%, Germany 26%, France 12%, Netherlands 4%), US 9% (1999) Cote d'Ivoire 30%, France 28%, Spain 3%, Benelux 3% (1999)
Independence 1839 (from the Netherlands) 5 August 1960 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate 7.8% (2000 est.) 4.2% (1995)
Industries banking, iron and steel, food processing, chemicals, metal products, engineering, tires, glass, aluminum cotton lint, beverages, agricultural processing, soap, cigarettes, textiles, gold
Infant mortality rate 4.77 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 106.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 7.8% (2000 est.) 1.5% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ACCT, Australia Group, Benelux, CCC, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NATO, NEA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WEU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO, ZC ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (subscriber), ITU, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB, WAEMU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 8 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 10 sq km (including Belgium) (1993 est.) 200 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch judicial courts and tribunals (3 Justices of the Peace, 2 district courts, and 1 Supreme Court of Appeals); administrative courts and tribunals (State Prosecutor's Office, administrative courts and tribunals, and the Constitutional Court); judges for all courts are appointed for life by the monarch Supreme Court; Appeals Court
Labor force 248,000 (of whom 70,200 are foreign cross-border workers primarily from France, Belgium, and Germany) (2000) 5 million (1999)

note:
a large part of the male labor force migrates annually to neighboring countries for seasonal employment
Labor force - by occupation services 83.2%, industry 14.3%, agriculture 2.5% (1998 est.) agriculture 90% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries total:
356 km

border countries:
Belgium 148 km, France 73 km, Germany 135 km
total:
3,192 km

border countries:
Benin 306 km, Cote d'Ivoire 584 km, Ghana 548 km, Mali 1,000 km, Niger 628 km, Togo 126 km
Land use arable land:
24%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
20%

forests and woodland:
35%

other:
20%
arable land:
13%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
22%

forests and woodland:
50%

other:
15% (1993 est.)
Languages Luxembourgish (national language), German (administrative language), French (administrative language) French (official), native African languages belonging to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population
Legal system based on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on French civil law system and customary law
Legislative branch unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (60 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 13 June 1999 (next to be held by NA June 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - CSV 29.79%, DP 21.58%, LSAP 23.75%, ADR 10.36%, Green Party 9.09%, the Left 3.77%; seats by party - CSV 19, DP 15, LSAP 13, ADR 6, Green Party 5, the Left 2

note:
the Council of State or Conseil d'Etat, which has 21 members who are appointed and dismissed by the Grand Duke based on proposals from the government, the Chamber of Deputies, or the Council of State, is an advisory body whose views are considered by the Chamber of Deputies
bicameral; consists of a National Assembly or Assemblee des Deputes Populaires (111 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the purely consultative Chamber of Representations or Chambre des Representants (178 seats; members are appointed to serve three-year terms)

elections:
National Assembly election last held 11 May 1997 (next to be held NA 2002)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - CDP 101, PDP 6, RDA 2, ADF 2
Life expectancy at birth total population:
77.3 years

male:
74.02 years

female:
80.8 years (2001 est.)
total population:
46.41 years

male:
45.86 years

female:
46.98 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
100%

male:
100%

female:
100% (2000 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
19.2%

male:
29.5%

female:
9.2% (1995 est.)
Location Western Europe, between France and Germany Western Africa, north of Ghana
Map references Europe Africa
Maritime claims none (landlocked) none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total:
50 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 988,450 GRT/1,313,498 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 2, chemical tanker 11, container 2, liquefied gas 18, passenger 4, petroleum tanker 6, roll on/roll off 7

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Belgium 4 (2000 est.)
-
Military branches Army; note - the government abolished the Gendarmerie Army, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Police, People's Militia
Military expenditures - dollar figure $131 million (FY98/99) $66 million (FY96)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1% (FY98/99) 2% (FY96)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
112,714 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
2,592,974 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
92,817 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
1,329,995 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age 19 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
2,565 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday National Day (Birthday of Grand Duchess Charlotte) 23 June Republic Day, 11 December (1958)
Nationality noun:
Luxembourger(s)

adjective:
Luxembourg
noun:
Burkinabe (singular and plural)

adjective:
Burkinabe
Natural hazards NA recurring droughts
Natural resources iron ore (no longer exploited), arable land manganese, limestone, marble; small deposits of gold, antimony, copper, nickel, bauxite, lead, phosphates, zinc, silver
Net migration rate 9.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -0.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines petroleum products 48 km -
Political parties and leaders Action Committee for Democracy and Justice or ADR [Robert MEHLEN]; Christian Social People's Party or CSV (known also as Christian Social Party or PCS) [Erna HENNICOT-SCHOEPGES]; Democratic Party or DP [Lydie POLFER]; Green Party [Abbes JACOBY and Felix BRAS]; Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party or LSAP [Jean ASSELBORN]; Marxist and Reformed Communist Party DEI LENK (the Left) [no formal leadership]; other minor parties African Democratic Rally-Alliance for Democracy and Federation or RDA-ADF [Herman YAMEOGO]; Congress for Democracy and Progress or CDP [Roch Marc-Christian KABORE]; Movement for Tolerance and Progress or MTP [Noyabtigungu Congo KABORE]; Party for African Independence or PAI [Philippe OUEDRAOGO]; Party for Democracy and Progress or PDP [Joseph KI-ZERBO]; Union of Greens for the Development of Burkina Faso or UVDB [Ram OVEDRAGO]
Political pressure groups and leaders ABBL (bankers' association); ALEBA (financial sector trade union); Centrale Paysanne (federation of agricultural producers); CEP (professional sector chamber); CGFP (trade union representing civil service); Chambre de Commerce (Chamber of Commerce); Chambre des Metiers (Chamber of Artisans); FEDIL (federation of industrialists); LCGP (center-right trade union); OGBL (center-left trade union) Burkinabe General Confederation of Labor or CGTB; Burkinabe Movement for Human Rights or HBDHP; Group of 14 February; National Confederation of Burkinabe Workers or CNTB; National Organization of Free Unions or ONSL; watchdog/political action groups throughout the country in both organizations and communities
Population 442,972 (July 2001 est.) 12,272,289

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 1.26% (2001 est.) 2.68% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Mertert none
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 2 (1999) AM 2, FM 17, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios 285,000 (1997) 370,000 (1997)
Railways total:
274 km

standard gauge:
274 km 1.435-m gauge (242 km electrified; 178 km double track) (1998)
total:
622 km (517 km from Ouagadougou to the Cote d'Ivoire border and 105 km from Ouagadougou to Kaya)

narrow gauge:
622 km 1.000-m gauge (1995 est.)
Religions the greatest preponderance of the population is Roman Catholic with a very few Protestants, Jews, and Muslims

note:
1979 legislation forbids the collection of religious statistics
indigenous beliefs 40%, Muslim 50%, Christian (mainly Roman Catholic) 10%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.07 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.67 male(s)/female

total population:
0.97 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.91 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.73 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal and compulsory universal
Telephone system general assessment:
highly developed, completely automated and efficient system, mainly buried cables

domestic:
nationwide cellular telephone system; buried cable

international:
3 channels leased on TAT-6 coaxial submarine cable (Europe to North America)
general assessment:
all services only fair

domestic:
microwave radio relay, open wire, and radiotelephone communication stations

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 314,700 (1999) 36,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 215,741 (2000) 1,503 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 5 (1999) 1 (1997)
Terrain mostly gently rolling uplands with broad, shallow valleys; uplands to slightly mountainous in the north; steep slope down to Moselle flood plain in the southeast mostly flat to dissected, undulating plains; hills in west and southeast
Total fertility rate 1.7 children born/woman (2001 est.) 6.35 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 2.7% (2000 est.) NA%
Waterways 37 km (on the Moselle) none
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